Glossary of Chemicals Used in Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Activated Carbon: Used for adsorbing organic pollutants, chlorine, and odors from wastewater.
Activated Silica: Used as a coagulant aid to improve floc formation and settling.
Alum (Aluminum Sulfate, Al₂(SO₄)₃): A coagulant that helps clump fine particles into larger flocs for easier removal.
Ammonium Sulfate ((NH₄)₂SO₄): Used in biological treatment processes as a nutrient source for microorganisms.
Antifoaming Agents: Used to control foam formation in biological treatment processes.
Biopolymers: Natural or synthetic polymers used in flocculation and sludge dewatering.
Calcium Chloride (CaCl₂): Used for water softening and as a coagulant aid.
Calcium Hydroxide (Lime, Ca(OH)₂): Used for pH adjustment, coagulation, and precipitation of metals.
Chelating Agents: Chemicals like EDTA used to bind and remove heavy metals from wastewater.
Chlorine (Cl₂): A disinfectant used to kill bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens in wastewater.
Enzymes: Used in biological treatment to break down complex organic pollutants.
Ferric Chloride (FeCl₃): A coagulant that removes suspended solids and phosphates.
Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO₄): Used for coagulation, phosphate removal, and reduction of chromates in wastewater.
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl): Used for pH adjustment and neutralization of alkaline wastewater.
Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂): An oxidizing agent used to break down organic pollutants and disinfect water.
Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂): Used for pH adjustment and neutralization of acidic wastewater.
Ozone (O₃): A strong oxidant used for disinfection and degradation of organic contaminants.
Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC): A coagulant used for removing suspended solids and turbidity.
Polyelectrolytes (Polymers): Used as flocculants to enhance the aggregation of particles during coagulation.
Potassium Permanganate (KMnO₄): An oxidizing agent used to remove iron, manganese, and organic contaminants.
Sodium Bisulfite (NaHSO₃): Used for dechlorination and reduction of residual chlorine in treated water.
Sodium Carbonate (Soda Ash, Na₂CO₃): Used for pH adjustment and softening of water.
Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda, NaOH): Used for pH adjustment and neutralization of acidic wastewater.
Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl): A disinfectant and oxidizing agent used for pathogen control and organic matter breakdown.
Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄): Used for pH adjustment and neutralization of alkaline wastewater.