UV RAY SYSTEM
The UV (ultraviolet) system is an advanced and environmentally friendly technology used in the disinfection of industrial wastewater. This method uses ultraviolet light to inactivate pathogenic micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses and protozoa, without the use of chemicals. It is particularly appreciated for its effectiveness and for the fact that it doesn't introduce chemical residues in the treated water.
How it works
The UV rays, emitted by special lamps, damage the DNA or RNA of the micro-organisms, preventing them from reproducing and rendering them harmless. The optimal wavelength for disinfection is between 200 and 300 nanometres, with peak effectiveness at 254 nm.
Main components:
1. UV exposure chamber: a reactor in which water flows while being exposed to UV light.
2. UV lamps: ultraviolet light sources, usually low-pressure or medium-pressure mercury.
3. Control and monitoring system: regulates the intensity of the lamps and monitors the UV dose delivered.
4. Automatic cleaning system: to keep the quartz glass protecting the lamps free from encrustations or deposits.
5. Power supply: to provide energy to the UV lamps.
Advantages:
Effectiveness: inactivates a wide range of micro-organisms, including those resistant to chlorine.
No chemicals: no chemicals are added to the water, avoiding the formation of toxic by-products.
Short contact time: disinfection takes place in a few seconds.
Environmental compatibility: it does not alter the chemical or physical properties of the water.
Easy integration: it can be combined with other treatment systems, such as reverse osmosis or filtration.
Applications:
Food and beverage industry: to guarantee the hygiene of the water used in production processes.
Pharmaceutical industry: to disinfect the water used in the production of drugs.
Chemical industry: to treat wastewater containing micro-organisms before discharge or reuse.
Textile industry: to disinfect wastewater generated during dyeing and finishing processes.
Energy industry: for the treatment of wastewater from power plants
Challenges and considerations
Water quality: the effectiveness of UV treatment depends on the turbidity and colour of the water. Turbid water or water with a high content of suspended solids can reduce the penetration of UV light.
Lamp maintenance: UV lamps must be replaced periodically (usually every 8,000-12,000 hours of operation).
Energy costs: the system requires electricity to operate, which can increase operating costs.
No residual effect: unlike chlorine, UV disinfection leaves no residual effect, so treated water can be re-contaminated if not used immediately.y.
Conclusions
UV is an effective, sustainable and safe solution for the disinfection of industrial wastewater. It is particularly suitable for applications where it is important to avoid the use of chemicals or where high water quality is required. However, it is essential to consider the quality of the incoming water and to ensure proper maintenance to maximise the efficiency of the system. UV technology is often combined with other treatments (for example, filtering or reverse osmosis) to obtain optimal results.